Unraveling the relationship between aeroallergen sensitization, gender, second‐hand smoke exposure, and impaired lung function

Unraveling the relationship between aeroallergen sensitization, gender, second-hand smoke exposure, and impaired lung function.

BACKGROUND Contradictory findings on the differential effects of second-hand smoke (SHS) on lung function in girls and boys may result from masked relationships between host and environmental factors. Allergic sensitization may augment the relationship between SHS and decreased lung function, although its role in relation to the inconsistent gender differences in children has not been elucidate...

Sensitization in Mice Secondhand Smoke Induces Allergic

Relationship of secondhand smoke exposure with sociodemographic factors and smoke-free legislation in the European Union.

BACKGROUND To explore whether exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) among non-smokers in the European Union (EU) showed any association with sociodemographic factors and/or the extent of national tobacco control policies. METHODS A secondary analysis was performed on data from 26 751 individuals ≥15 years old from 27 EU member states (EU MS), collected during the 2012 Special Eurobarometer surve...

the relationship between critical thinking and reading strategies

during the process of reading, sometimes learners use ineffective and inefficient strategies and some factors may influence their use of strategies. perhaps critical thinking is one of these factors. this study aims to identify those categories of reading strategies that are mostly used by iranian efl learners and to see if there is any significant relationship between the critical thinking abi...

the relationship between collocational competence and listening comprehension

پس از پیدایش روش تدریس ‏‍tpr توسط جیمز اشر که توجه و تآکید بسیاری بر مهارت شنیداری داشت زبانشناسان همواره در صدد یافتن راههایی برای بهبود این مهارت در زبان آموزان می باشند. از طرفی جی-آر-فرث که از پیشگامان زبانشناسی می باشد بر تآثیر لغات و بویژه گروه کلمات که اغلب در گفتار با هم می آیند (هم آیی کلمات)تأکید بسیار کرده است. به این دلیل و به منظوربررسی رابطه بین این دو عامل یعنی درک شنیداری و دانش...